Penetrating and Blunt Neck Trauma

Penetrating and Blunt Neck Trauma

Trauma
Module Summary

Penetrating and blunt neck injuries remain a significant cause of ER presentations and currently make up 1 - 5% of all traumatic injuries, frequently presenting with other concurrent injuries. Mortality for neck trauma patients is quoted between 3% and 6%, a significant improvement over the last century. A clear understanding of the anatomy of the neck and the vital structures found within its three zones is crucial during the initial evaluation and subsequent treatment of these patients. Advances in both imaging and diagnostic procedures of the neck and aerodigestive tracts have significantly changed the ability to care for these patients in a safe and efficient manner. Evolution regarding the management of these patients has led to controversy regarding the most appropriate initial approach. However, a more selective surgical management as opposed to mandatory exploratory surgery predominates recently, and evidence supports the idea of avoiding unnecessary surgical intervention when possible. Continued advances and multidisciplinary management will lead the way forward in improving morbidity and mortality of penetrating and blunt neck trauma.

Module Learning Objectives 
  1. Review neck anatomy as it relates to penetrating and blunt neck trauma and how injuries are classified based on location.
  2. Explain the various etiologies of neck trauma and how they effect injury pattern and management.
  3. Thoroughly evaluate neck trauma patients in the acute setting.
  4. Recognize the role of imaging in the initial evaluation of patients.
  5. Be comfortable treating neck trauma patients both medically and/or surgically.
  6. Recognize the indications for immediate/delayed surgical vs. non-surgical management.
  7. Describe potential immediate and long-term complications of neck trauma and subsequent treatment.
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