Children with hearing loss can be at great risk of developmental delays. Types of hearing loss include conductive hearing loss, sensorineural hearing loss, or mixed hearing loss.  Regardless of type, early diagnosis and therapeutic intervention is critical to give ample opportunity to prohibit these delays from developing.  Hearing loss may be present at birth (congenital) or later in childhood (delayed onset), and may be genetic (syndromic vs nonsyndromic), infectious, ototoxic, traumatic or idiopathic in origin. Accurate diagnosis is essential, and early therapeutic intervention must be offered. In some cases, surgical options may exist to treat the hearing loss, but amplification trials with various types of devices remain an essential part of the treatment armamentarium.